Youth Pledge

Youth Pledge 

The Youth Pledge (Indonesian: Sumpah Pemuda), was a declaration made on 28 October 1928 by young Indonesian nationalists at a conference in the then-Dutch East Indies. They proclaimed three ideals, one motherland, one nation and one language.

BACKGROUND

The first Indonesian youth congress was held in Batavia, capital of the then-Dutch East Indies in 1926, but produced no formal decisions but did promote the idea of a united Indonesia. In October 1928, the second Indonesian youth congress was held at three different locations. In the first session, the hope was expressed that the congress would inspire the feeling of unity.

The second session saw discussions about educational issues. In the third and final session, held at Jalan Kramat Raya No, 126, on October 28 participants heard the future Indonesian national anthem Indonesia Raya by Wage Rudolf Supratman. The congress closed with a reading of the youth pledge.

HISTORY OF YOUTH PLEDGE

The idea of organizing the Second Youth Congress comes from the Student Association of Indonesian Students (GN), a youth organization which membered students from all over Indonesia. On the initiative GN, congresses held in three different buildings and divided in three meetings. Resulting in the Youth Pledge.

First Meeting, Building Jongenlingen Katholieke Bond
The first meeting, Saturday, October 27, 1928, in Building Katholieke Jongenlingen Bond (KJB), Field Bull. In his speech, Soegondo hope the conference will strengthen the spirit of unity in the hearts of youth. The event was followed by a description Moehammad Jamin about the meaning and relationship of unity with youth. According to him, there are five factors that can strengthen the unity of Indonesia, namely the history, languages, customary law, education, and willingness.

Second Meeting, Building Oost-Java Bioscoop
The second meeting, Sunday, October 28, 1928, in Oost-Java Bioscoop Building, to discuss education issues. Second speaker, Poernomowoelan and Sarmidi Mangoensarkoro, agreed that children should receive education nationality, must also be a balance between education at school and at home. Children also should be educated in a democratic manner.

Third Meeting, Building Indonesisch Huis Kramat
At the next session, Soenario explain the importance of nationalism and democracy in addition to scouting movement. While Ramelan argues, the scouting movement can not be separated from the national movement. Scouting movement since the early to educate children and self-discipline, the things that are needed in the struggle.

Before the congress closed played the song "Indonesia" by Wage Rudolf Supratman. The song was greeted with a very lively by Congress participants. Congress was closed by announcing the formulation of the congress

THE PLEDGE

In Indonesian, with the original spelling, the pledge reads]:
Pertama
Kami poetera dan poeteri Indonesia, mengakoe bertoempah darah jang satoe, tanah air Indonesia.
Kedoea
Kami poetera dan poeteri Indonesia, mengakoe berbangsa jang satoe, bangsa Indonesia.
Ketiga
Kami poetera dan poeteri Indonesia, mendjoendjoeng bahasa persatoean, bahasa Indonesia.
In English:
Firstly
We the sons and daughters of Indonesia, acknowledge one motherland, Indonesia.
Secondly
We the sons and daughters of Indonesia, acknowledge one nation, the nation of Indonesia.
Thirdly
We the sons and daughters of Indonesia, respect the language of unity, Indonesian.

PEMOEDA CONGRESS COMMITTEE CONSISTS OF:

Chairman: Soegondo Djojopoespito (GN)
Vice Chairman: R.M. Djoko Marsaid (Jong Java)
Secretary: Mohammad Jamin (Jong Sumateranen Bond)
Treasurer: Amir Sjarifuddin (Jong Bataks Bond)
Maid I: Djohan Mohammad Tjai (Jong Islamieten Bond)
Assistant II: R. Katja Soengkana (Pemoeda Indonesia)
Assistant III: Senduk (Jong Celebes)
Assistant IV: John Leimena (yong Ambon)
Assistant V: Rochjani Soe'oed (Pemoeda Kaoem Betawi)
Participants:

·        Abdul Muttalib Sangadji

·        Wulan Purnama

·        Abdul Rachman

·        Raden Suharto

·        Abu Hanifa

·        Raden Soekamso

·        Adnan Kapau Gani

·        Ramelan

·        Amir (Dienaren van Indie)

·        Saerun (Keng Po)

·        Anta Permana

·        Sahardjo

·        Anwari

·        Sarbini

·        Arnold Manonutu

·        Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro

·        Assaat

·        Sartono

·        Bahder Djohan

·        S.M. Kartosoewirjo

·        Dali

·        Setiawan

·        DARSA

·        Sigit (Indonesische Studieclub)

·        Dien Pantouw

·        Siti Sundari

·        Djuanda

·        Sjahpuddin Latif

·        Dr.Pijper

·        Sjahrial (Adviseur inlandsch voor Zaken)

·        Emma Puradiredja

·        Soejono Djoenoed Poeponegoro

·        Halim

·        R.M. Djoko Marsaid

·        Hamami

·        Soekamto

·        Jo Plant

·        Soekmono

·        Joesoepadi

·        Soekowati (Volksraad)

·        Jos Masdani

·        Soemanang

·        Kadir

·        Soemarto

·        Karto Menggolo

·        Soenario (PAPI & INPO)

·        Kasman Singodimedjo

·        Soerjadi

·        Koentjoro Poerbopranoto

·        Soewadji Prawirohardjo

·        Martakusuma

·        Soewirjo

·        Masmoen Rasid

·        Soeworo

·        Mohammad Ali Hanafi

·        Suhara

·        Mohamed Nazif

·        Sujono (Volksraad)

·        Mohammad Roem

·        Sulaiman

·        Mohammad Tabrani

·        Suwarni

·        Mohammad Tamzil

·        Tjahija

·        Muhidin (Pasundan)

·        Van der Plaas (Dutch Government)

·        Mukarno

·        Wilopo

·        Muwardi

·        Wage Rudolf Soepratman

·        Miss Tumbel

Note:
Before reading the text of an oath Pemoeda played the song "Indonesia Raya"
composition W.R. Soepratman with friction violin.
Youth Pledge text was read on October 28, 1928 place
Jalan Kramat Raya, Central Jakarta 106 number is now a museum Oath
Youth, at the time was owned by a Chinese named Sie
Kong Liong.
2. Chinese Foreign Eastern Group also attended as observers
Youth Congress on the Youth Pledge of time reading the text there are 4 (four)
namely:
a. Kwee Thiam Hong
b. Oey Kay Siang
c. John Lauw Tjoan Hok
d. Tjio Djien Kwie

VISION AND MISSION OF SUMPAH PEMUDA

Vision
      The realization of conservation and communication of the values contained in the    history of Youth Oath for the benefit of coaching the younger generation.

Mission

• The collection, maintenance, and preservation of objects relating to the history of   Youth Oath
• Documentation and scientific research relating to the history of Youth Oath
• The introduction and dissemination of scientific research results related to the history of Youth Oath;         
• Presentation of objects relating to the history of Youth Oath;         
• Utilization of the museum as an educational institution non fomal;         
• Increasing public appreciation of museums;
• Generating a sense of pious and grateful to God Almighty   Youth Pledge Building
  
  
  
  
  
  Jl. Kramat Raya No. 106, Jakarta Central Jakarta
  There are many events considered important in the history of Indonesia's struggle for independence, leading to the Proclamation of Independence on August 17, 1945. One was the May 20, 1908 founding of Budi Utomo, an organization focused on Indonesian educational and cultural training, and second the Pledge of Indonesian Youth on October 28, 1928. It was a pledge by several youth organizations to forget all ethnic and regional differences and instead commit themselves to the idea of living as people of one country, belonging to one nation and possessing one national language. The principle of unity among the diverse ethnic groups and regions in Indonesia was thus begun. The organization started on Jl. Kramat Raya 102, the present Gedung Sumpah Pemuda.

  Youth Pledge inspires rallies, apathy

  THE JAKARTA POST/JAKARTA
  Eighty-two years since young Indonesians nationalists first gathered, some students vowed to use Youth Pledge Day on Oct. 28 to challenge the government, while others-said were no longer inspired by the pledge.
  The Youth Pledge (Sampah Pemuda) emerged during the first Indonesian youth congress in 1928, when participants made a now famous proclamation "One country. One nation. One language".
  "Now, students must be brave in fighting against a government that has failed to serve its citizens," University of Indonesia Student Action Front (FAM UI) representative Urai Zul-hendrie told The Jakarta Post recently.
  Student Action Front activists plan to rally in front of the Presidential Palace today to commemorate the pledge and to protest what they view as President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono failures in leading the nation.
  The activists also participated in last weeks rallies marking the end of the first year of Yudhoyonos second term in office.
  Another student group looked at the Youth Pledge as just another event from the past.
  "Our group was established in response to the Semanggi I incident, not by the Youth Pledge," said Kris-tian Erdianto, 23, from Atma Jaya Universitys Semanggi Students Action Front, known as F"AMSI.
  "The front focuses on current economic and political issues in the country."
  Seventeen people were killed in the Semanggi I incident in 1998 during demonstrations that forced the ouster of then president Soeharto and the end of 32 years of his authoritarian rule. Almost a year later, 10 died and scores were injured in the so-called Semanggi II incident.
  "Were looking for sources of momentum that are more us, such as the Semanggi incidents as well as Trisakti incident," Kristian said, referring to the killing of four Trisakti University students, later called "reform heroes", which led to the May 1998 riots.
  Kemas Aulia, 19, a sophomore Oil Engineering student at Trisakti University, said he refused to join student movements".
  "Such movements are useless. Up to now, I have never felt the effect of so-called transformation," he said. "[Students who join protests] dont know anything about the topics of the rallies. Those kinds of students could act violently during protests just for sensationalism," he said.
  He said some new students joined protests out of fear of retribution from their seniors.
  Pancasila University deputy student senate chairman Abdullah Assegaf said that the student movement today was prone to manipulation by certain organizations or political parties. "Some [students] are affiliated with certain mass organizations," he told the Post.
  Abdullah said he wanted the university senate to focus on issues related to interna] campus affairs.
  "The internal management of this university itself is still messy, especially regarding transparency for student funds. Thats the first thing we should be concerned about," he said, (ipa)